Herpes
Simplex
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then read on.
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- Herpes
Simplex and genital herpes.
Genital herpes is an infection caused by the herpes simplex
virus or HSV.
There
are two types of herpes simplex virus , and both
can cause genital herpes.
- Herpes
simplex virus type 1 most commonly infects the lips, causing
sores known as fever blisters or cold sores, but it also can infect
the genital area and produce sores.
- Herpes
simplex virus type 2 is the usual cause of genital herpes,
but it also can infect the mouth. A person who has genital herpes
infection can easily pass or transmit the virus to an uninfected person
during sex.
- Both
herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 can produce sores (also
called lesions) in and around the vaginal area, on the penis, around
the anal opening, and on the buttocks or thighs. Occasionally, sores
also appear on other parts of the body where the virus has entered
through broken skin.
Herpes
simplex virus remains in certain nerve cells of the body for
life, and can produce symptoms off and on in some infected people.
- According
to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 45 million
people in the United States ages 12 and older, or 1 out of 5 of the
total adolescent and adult population, are infected with HSV-2.
- Nationwide,
since the late 1970s, the number of people with genital herpes infection
has increased 30 percent. The largest increase is occurring in young
teens. Herpes simplex virus -2 infection is more
common in three of the youngest age groups which include people aged
12 to 39 years.
Most people get genital herpes by having sex with someone who is having
a herpes "outbreak." This outbreak means that herpes
simplex virus is active. When active, the virus usually causes
visible lesions in the genital area. The lesions shed (cast off) viruses
that can infect another person. Sometimes, however, a person can have
an outbreak and have no visible sores at all. People often get genital
herpes by having sexual contact with others who don't know they are
infected or who are having outbreaks of herpes without any sores.
A person with genital herpes also can infect a sexual partner during
oral sex. The virus is spread only rarely, if at all, by touching objects
such as a toilet seat or hot tub.
- What
are the symptoms?
Unfortunately, most people who have genital herpes don't know it because
they never have any symptoms, or they do not recognize any symptoms
they might have.
- When
there are symptoms, they can be different in each person. Most often,
when a person becomes infected with herpes for the first time, the
symptoms will appear within 2 to 10 days. These first episodes of
symptoms usually last 2 to 3 weeks.
Early symptoms of a genital herpes outbreak include
- Itching
or burning feeling in the genital or anal area
Pain in the legs, buttocks, or genital area
Discharge of fluid from the vagina
Feeling of pressure in the abdomen
- Within
a few days, sores appear near where the virus has entered the body,
such as on the mouth, penis, or vagina. They also can occur inside
the vagina and on the cervix in women, or in the urinary passage of
women and men. Small red bumps appear first, develop into blisters,
and then become painful open sores. Over several days, the sores become
crusty and then heal without leaving a scar.
Other symptoms
that may go with the first episode of genital herpes are fever, headache,
muscle aches, painful or difficult urination, vaginal discharge, and
swollen glands in the groin area.
Can outbreaks
recur?
If you have been infected by herpes simplex virus 1
and/or 2, you will probably have symptoms or outbreaks from time to
time. After the virus has finished being active, it then travels to
the nerves at the end of the spine where it stays for a while. Even
after the lesions are gone, the virus stays inside the nerve cells in
a still and hidden state, which means that it's inactive.
In most people, the virus can become active several times a year. This
is called a recurrence. But scientists do not yet know why this happens.
When it becomes active again, it travels along the nerves to the skin,
where it makes more viruses near the site of the very first infection.
That is where new sores usually will appear.
- After
the first outbreak, any future outbreaks are usually mild and last
only about a week.
- An infected
person may know that an outbreak is about to happen by a tingling
feeling or itching in the genital area, or pain in the buttocks or
down the leg.
- For
some people, these early symptoms can be the most painful and annoying
part of an episode. Sometimes, only the tingling and itching are present
and no visible sores develop.
- At other
times, blisters appear that may be very small and barely noticeable,
or they may break into open sores that crust over and then disappear.
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